SoK: A Review of Cross-Chain Bridge Hacks in 2023
This paper analyzes recent cross-chain bridge hacks in 2022 and 2023 and examines the exploited vulnerabilities. By understanding the attack nature and underlying weaknesses, the paper
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This paper analyzes recent cross-chain bridge hacks in 2022 and 2023 and examines the exploited vulnerabilities. By understanding the attack nature and underlying weaknesses, the paper
Cross-Chain Bridge Vulnerabilities in 2026: A Deep Dive Cross-chain bridge exploits have stolen over $2.8 billion since 2021. Learn how Ronin, Wormhole, and Nomad were hacked, common
Within the analysis process, vulnerability analysis methods can generally be classified into two categories: calculating vulnerability index and constructing vulnerability curves. Currently,
We apply our tests to six popular Web privacy and security tools, identifying at least one vulnerability in each for a total of 19, and extract common patterns regarding their mishandling of
In cross-chain bridges, upgradability enables the addition of support for new tokens and blockchains, integration of novel methods for validating cross-chain
We estimate $2 billion in crypto has been stolen in 13 cross-chain bridge hacks so far in 2022. Learn about cross-chain bridge protocol vulnerabilities.
Blockchain bridge security is of paramount importance. Projects should test bridges against all attack vectors to avoid common security
Analysis of 2026 cross-reality attacks exploiting AR/VR to physical world connections. Technical deep-dive for security professionals on mixed reality threats.
To improve the security of bridges, it is important to understand common security vulnerabilities and test bridges for these before launching. These vulnerabilities can be divided into four areas.
This paper aims to illuminate the path towards more secure cross-chain bridge designs and stimulate further investigation into fortifying the cross-chain bridge ecosystem.
From a lifecycle perspective, assessing bridge vulnerability is a key element of implementing effective risk mitigation and management strategies. This study offers an integrated
Find out what causes cross chain bridge vulnerabilities, how to do bridge smart contract security audit, and the best cross chain security practices for defi.
Cross-chain bridges have been developed as interoperability solutions to uncover new security challenges. Bridges had a turbulent onset, reporting losses between 1.5 and 2 billion USD in
Abstract This paper studies the prevalence and security impact of open tunnelling hosts on the Internet. These hosts accept legacy or modern tunnelling trafic from any source. We first scan the Internet for
Comprehensive guide to bridge security and cross-chain vulnerabilities in cryptocurrency. Learn about attack vectors, best practices, and protection strategies for blockchain bridges in 2025.
We build the first manual-labeled dataset of cross-bridge vulnerabilities, as well as the most comprehensive dataset of cross-chain bridge applications/smart contracts.
Securing the smart contracts of cross-chain bridges is in urgent need, as there are a number of recent security incidents with heavy financial losses caused by vulnerabilities in bridge smart contracts, as
The industry has experienced a surge in bridge attacks, resulting in significant financial losses. The largest hack impacted Axie Infinity Ronin Bridge, with a loss of almost $ 600 million USD.
Cross-chain bridges have been the most exploited category in Web3. Here''s what keeps going wrong — and how to build bridges that don''t collapse.
The adoption of the global positioning system (GPS) within the marine industry has revolutionized the marine operations by condensing the navigation of
Particularly, it is non-trivial to (1) identify application-speci c access control constraints needed for cross-bridge asset exchange, and (2) identify inconsistent cross-chain semantics between the two sides of
In this article, we have examined the widely known risks of cross-chain bridges, such as contract vulnerabilities and validator takeovers, as well as the relatively less known risk of BGP hijacking.
Blockchain bridges remain DeFi''s weakest link. Explore major vulnerabilities, past exploits, and practical ways to reduce cross-chain risk.
Wednesday, February 18, 2026 Cross-Chain Bridge Exploits: Recurring Failure Modes Systemic vulnerabilities, multibillion dollar losses, and practical
Over $2.8 billion has been stolen in blockchain bridge hacks since 2022. Learn how the most common vulnerabilities work, which bridges are safest, and what you
This comprehensive guide examines the technical vulnerabilities in cross-chain bridge designs and provides practical security implementations for
The application of armour protection to the bridge resulted in only a small additional reduction in crew vulnerability, notably when attacked by 12.7mm bullets, the heaviest calibre weapon tested. Based